Section 1: Product Knowledge

1. What are the essential components of a beginner beekeeping kit?

   Beginner beekeeping kits typically include a hive (often a Langstroth hive), frames, foundation, a smoker, a hive tool, a bee brush, and protective gear such as a beekeeping suit, gloves, and a veil.

2. The difference between a Langstroth hive and a top-bar hive.

   A Langstroth hive features rectangular, removable frames, while a top-bar hive has bars across the top where bees build comb naturally.

3. Three types of protective gear worn by beekeepers and describe their purposes.

   Protective gear includes a beekeeping suit (with veil), gloves, and boots. These protect beekeepers from bee stings.

4. What is the purpose of a queen excluder in a beehive?

   A queen excluder is a barrier with gaps large enough for worker bees to pass through but too small for the queen bee. It keeps the queen out of honey supers, ensuring pure honey.

5. The function of a smoker in beekeeping.

   A smoker is used to calm bees during hive inspections by emitting smoke, which triggers a feeding response and masks alarm pheromones.

Section 2: Hive Maintenance

6. How often should beehives be inspected, and what are the key things to look for during an inspection?

   Beehives should be inspected every 7-10 days during the active season. Key things to look for include the presence of the queen, brood pattern, honey stores, signs of disease or pests, and overall hive health.

7. How to prevent swarming in a beehive.

   Swarming can be prevented by providing adequate space, managing hive congestion, and requeening if necessary.

8. What measures can be taken to protect hives from pests and diseases?

   Hives can be protected from pests and diseases through regular monitoring, hygienic practices, integrated pest management techniques, and treatment when necessary.

9. The process of harvesting honey from a beehive.

   Harvesting honey involves removing capped honey frames, uncapping the cells, extracting honey using a centrifuge, and filtering before bottling.

10. How should surplus honey be stored for long-term preservation?
    Surplus honey should be stored in clean, airtight containers in a cool, dark place to prevent crystallization and maintain freshness.